Start to learn terminal command

dear linuxer...

Since ago, I have read many good book's about terminal linux, thank's for all of resource ;) . Ok just now i will to share all about i'm know of terminal command for you... not all in this post but step by step and day by day i will be post many simple command on this blog, tricktux.blogspot.com. I hope it's will be usefull for linux beginner, so stay tuned guys cause terminal command will come every day :) happy terminal daily...

Introduction

[Quotes Of The book]

Why Use The Command Line?

Have you ever noticed in the movies when the “super hacker,”— you know, the guy who can break into the ultra-secure military computer in under thirty seconds —sits down at the computer, he never touches a mouse? It's because movie makers realize that we, as human beings, instinctively know the only way to really get anything done on a computer is by typing on a keyboard.
Most computer users today are only familiar with the graphical user interface (GUI) and have been taught by vendors and pundits that the command line interface (CLI) is a terrifying thing of the past. This is unfortunate, because a good command line interface is a marvelously expressive way of communicating with a computer in much the same way the written word is for human beings. It's been said that “graphical user interfaces make easy tasks easy, while command line interfaces make difficult tasks possible” and this is still very true today.

Since Linux is modeled after the Unix family of operating systems, it shares the same rich heritage of command line tools as Unix. Unix came into prominence during the early 1980s (although it was first developed a decade earlier), before the widespread adoption of the graphical user interface and, as a result, developed an extensive command line interface instead. In fact, one of the strongest reasons early adopters of Linux chose it over, say, Windows NT was the powerful command line interface which made the “difficult tasks possible.”

Terminal Emulators

When using a graphical user interface, we need another program called a terminal emulator to interact with the shell. If we look through our desktop menus, we will probably find one. KDE uses konsole and GNOME uses gnome-terminal, though it's likely called simply “terminal” on our menu. There are a number of other terminal emulators available for Linux, but they all basically do the same thing; give us access to the shell. You will probably develop a preference for one or another based on the number of bells and whistles it has. Yeah actually i use terminator :) you can see my terminator interface on top of this post.

Okay, let's start...

First time, Launch your terminal and you can see, something like this...

[creatorb@creator-b ~]$

This is called a shell prompt and it will appear whenever the shell is ready to accept input. While it may vary in appearance somewhat depending on the distribution, it will usually include your username@machinename, followed by the current working directory (more about that in a little bit) and a dollar sign. If the last character of the prompt is a pound sign (“#”) rather than a dollar sign, the terminal session has superuser privileges. This means either we are logged in as the root user or we selected a terminal emulator that provides superuser (administrative) privileges. Assuming that things are good so far, let's try some typing. Type some gibberish at the prompt like so:

[creatorb@creator-b ~]$ creatorbe

Since this command makes no sense, the shell will tell us so and give us another chance:

bash: creatorbe: command not found
[creatorb@creator-b ~]$

Command History

If we press the up-arrow key, we will see that the previous command “creatorbe” reappears after the prompt. This is called command history. Most Linux distributions remember the last five hundred commands by default. Press the down-arrow key and the previous command disappears.

Cursor Movement

Recall the previous command with the up-arrow key again. Now try the left and right-arrow keys. See how we can position the cursor anywhere on the command line? This makes editing commands easy.

A Few Words About Mice And Focus

While the shell is all about the keyboard, you can also use a mouse with your terminal emulator. There is a mechanism built into the X Window System (the underlying engine that makes the GUI go) that supports a quick copy and paste technique. If you highlight some text by holding down the left mouse button and dragging the mouse over it (or double clicking on a word), it is copied into a buffer maintained by X. Pressing the middle mouse button will cause the text to be pasted at the cursor location. Try it.

Note: Don't be tempted to use Ctrl-c and Ctrl-v to perform copy and paste inside a terminal window. They don't work. These control codes have different meanings to the shell and were assigned many years before Microsoft Windows.

Next... shell? What Is The Shell?

Your graphical desktop environment (most likely KDE or GNOME), in an effort to behave like Windows, probably has its focus policy set to “click to focus.” This means for a window to get focus (become active) you need to click on it. This is contrary to the traditional X behavior of “focus follows mouse” which means that a window gets focus by just passing the mouse over it. The window will not come to the foreground until you click on it but it will be able to receive input. Setting the focus policy to “focus follows mouse” will make the copy and paste technique even more useful. Give it a try. I think if you give it a chance you will prefer it. You will find this setting in the configuration program for your window manager. Okay, finished introduction, see next post...

/ terminal tutorial by creatorbe