Segment 1
The easiest way to setup network is by using the following commands-
| # setup > network settings | Used for setting up network parameters |
| # system-config-network | Used for setting up network parameters |
| # service network restart | Restarts the network service |
| # ifconfig | Check the network parameters |
Network related files
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
This directory contains a single file for each network adapter named ifcfg-eth0, ifcfg-eth1, ifcfg-eth2 and so on. The contents of the file are:
| NAME= eth0 | name of the device |
| DEVICE=eth0 | Device id |
| BOOTPRO= none/static/dhcp | none/static are used for static IP address. dhcp is used for automatic IP address. |
| IPADDR= X.X.X.X | 4 bit IP address |
| NETMASK= X.X.X.X | Netmask of the provided IP address |
| GATEWAY= X.X.X.X | IP address of the gateway server/router |
| USERCTL= yes/no | Whether normal users are able to change IP address |
/etc/resolv.conf
DNS IP is set in this file. Keep in mind that the there are some International free DNS that can be used such as 4.2.2.1, 4.2.2.2, 8.8.8.8.
nameserver X.X.X.X
/etc/sysconfig/network
This file is primarily used to set hostname.
HOSTNAME = stationX.example.com
/etc/hosts
This file is used in case the hostname has to be resolved locally. The following line should be added-
| IP | FQDN | Hostname |
| X.X.X.X | stationX.exaple.com | stationX |
Troubleshooting
When troubleshooting any network, the following commands can be used.
| # mii-tool | Note that there is no space in the command. Used for checking whether the cable is connected to the Network Interface Card. |
| # ping X.X.X.X | If physical connection is okay, you should get a reply with information like latency and TTL. |
| # traceroute X.X.X.X | Used for tracing the path to a specific IP or domain. |
Segment 2
Virtual Interfaces
Each NIC card in Linux can be used to create virtual interfaces which contain separate IP addresses. As a result, one can use a single LAN card to create multiple virtual LAN cards with specific IP address.
Procedure:
1. Create a copy of the LAN card configuration file and make changes as necessary. The following example contains minimum configuration-
# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:1
# vim ifcfg-eth0:1
NAME=eth0:1
DEVICE=eth0:1
IPADDR= Y.Y.Y.Y
SUBNET= Y.Y.Y.Y
2. # service network restart
Check whether you can find the IP address of the virtual interface with ifconfig. If you’re successful, try pinging the IP address from local, as well as remote machines.
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